Group B Strep: What is GBS?

If you’re pregnant it’s likely you’ve heard of Group B Strep (GBS), probably as one of the required tests for pregnant individuals. What is it and why does it matter? While GBS is common, (1 in 4 pregnant individuals have it present!) if left untreated it can pose serious health risks. Today we’re taking a look at what GBS is, treatments and testing, and the bottom line so you can make informed and empowered decisions for you and your baby.

What Is Group B Strep (GBS)?

GBS is a common bacterium (Streptococcus agalactiae) that naturally exists and is typically harmless in adults. It resides in the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems. While the bacteria may be present (colonization) it often doesn’t lead to infection.

If a bacteria has colonized, it simply exists. It’s when it gets out of control that it can cause infection in the body. Even if one is asymptomatic, infection could be present and is very dangerous for newborns which is why testing is so important. An estimated 20-25% of pregnant individuals have GBS present.

Remember: levels can vary over time.

Why Is Group B Strep a Concern During Pregnancy?

Risks to the Pregnant Person:
Those who have GBS present generally are unaffected. Rarely, they can encounter complications such as Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs), infection of the amniotic fluid or infection of the uterus once the baby has arrived. 

Risks to the Baby:
The risks of GBS are generally for the baby. Transmission of the bacteria to the baby during childbirth can lead to early-onset (first week) or late-onset (weeks 1–3) disease. Complications from contracting this bacteria include sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis, long-term disabilities, or even mortality.

Though this can sound scary, please keep in mind that these are rare complications, only affecting 1 or 2 babies out of 100 if the laboring person doesn’t receive antibiotics during labor. Though rare, it’s vital to understand the facts.

Risk Factors for Transmission:
Your baby may be at a higher risk for contracting GBS if you experience preterm labor, prolonged rupture of membranes (greater than 18 hours), a fever during labor, or a prior GBS-positive baby. Your baby is also at risk if you test positive on your routine GBS testing.

How Is GBS Tested for in the United States?

The United States takes a broad approach to testing using a Universal Testing model that requires a routine vaginal/rectal swab at 36–38 weeks. This will typically be done at your OBGYN or Midwife’s office. This swab is then cultured and evaluated to determine if GBS bacteria are present. If yes, the results will be communicated to you along with options for treating and intervention.

This testing is done between 36-38 weeks to ensure accuracy (remember, this bacteria varies in levels present) and avoid overuse of antibiotics.

Urine testing can also detect GBS earlier in pregnancy. Typically a positive result won’t prompt any action by your care provider but if heavy colonization is indicated, this could require antibiotics during pregnancy.

You might be surprised to find that countries around the world vary in their approaches. Canada, for instance, aligns with the US perspective of Universal Testing whereas Nordic countries such as Sweden and EU countries such as the UK prefer a Risk-Based approach where testing is only done if requested or indicated. Regardless, it’s important to ask questions and follow the recommendations of your trusted healthcare provider.

What Are the Options If I Test Positive for GBS?

Intrapartum Antibiotics:
The gold standard for care is IV penicillin administered during labor at least 4 hours before delivery. This helps ensure efficacy of the antibiotic prior to baby passing through the birth canal. The timing is important!

Special Scenarios:
If labor is rapid it can limit the efficacy of the antibiotics. Antibiotics will still be given but baby will likely be monitored more closely. In the event of a Cesarean section delivery, antibiotics won’t be needed if labor hasn’t begun and your water hasn’t broken.

What Else Should I Know About Group B Strep?

Prevention Strategies: There are no preventative measures that can be taken to eliminate GBS bacteria in the body. This bacteria occurs naturally. Once detected, prompt antibiotic treatment reduces neonatal risk by ~80%.

Newborn Care: It’s important to monitor the baby for fever, lethargy (difficult to wake), or breathing struggles. These can all be signs of infection and should be addressed as soon as possible by a medical provider. The baby’s pediatrician should be the first call. Antibiotics are the standard treatment.

Postpartum Care: Mind the birthing person’s temperature and symptoms alongside baby’s, paying attention to any changes and seeking care if they’re noted.

Emotional Support: Addressing parental anxiety and connecting with support groups.

Future Pregnancies: Retesting will be required for all subsequent pregnancies, however, a positive test isn’t a guarantee. Group B Strep can be a transient bacteria that recedes, eliminating the risk to the birthing person and their baby.

Are There Myths About GBS?

Yes! There are many myths about GBS that can feel scary or leave you feeling confused. The main ones are:

GBS is not a sexually transmitted infection. It is a naturally-occurring bacteria that exists within the body and a common one, at that.

Antibiotics during labor do not harm the baby. While it is true that the antibiotics could have a small impact on baby’s microbiome, these effects have not been studied at length. Preliminary studies with limited data suggest that the impact is short-term and the effects can be mitigated to some degree by choosing to breast or chestfeed.

Positive status doesn’t guarantee infant infection! Even if you do test positive and aren’t able to recieve antibiotics quickly the number of newborns that get sick from GBS are few. While the illness is a very serious one and shouldn’t be taken lightly, it is still rare.

No proven remedies are known to exist besides antibiotics during labor. There are many online suggestions such as Hibiclens or Garlic to change the bacteria levels. There are no scientific studies to prove any of the alternatives work to keep your baby safe.

Wrapping it all up

If you’ve found yourself here because you have tested positive for GBS, don’t panic. Remember, GBS is a bacteria that naturally exists within the body. There is nothing you could do that would change that. If you test positive for GBS at your routine screening, remember that it is manageable with proactive care.

Antibiotics reduce both neonatal and postpartum risks for baby and parent and can be simply administered during labor.

As with everything, remember to ask questions and follow the guidance of your medical care provider. With early intervention, proper treatment, and consistent care you and your baby will not experience any ill effects from GBS.

Overnight Postpartum Doula Care

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Whether it’s your first child or your fourth, we all know that bringing home a new baby means a big transition! Many of our clients realize the need for additional support during this transition and call on an Overnight Postpartum Doula to help.

Our postpartum doulas are Newborn Care Specialists and professionally-trained experts.

When choosing a doula to care for your family, there are options for not just who it is but also for what they do! Daytime Postpartum Doulas can provide professional support including soothing techniques, feeding guidance, and addressing questions about postpartum physical and mental health. Overnight Postpartum Doulas provide much-needed support making sure that the whole family (including visiting grandparents) get the sleep they need, offer feeding support, and encourage safe and developmentally appropriate sleeping habits. 

If you’ve ever been confused about the types of care you could have for your newborn you’re not alone! Sometimes our Newborn Care Specialists are referred to as “night nannies” or “night nurses”. Doulas and Newborn Care Specialists, however, are neither nannies nor nurses. Rather, they have specialized training regarding caring for a newborn and their family. 

During every overnight shift, your doula will provide you with a log and notes detailing your baby’s night. Let’s look at a sample of exactly what a shift log from your doula/NCS may look like.

Overnight Postpartum Doula Shift Notes

Monday, May 5th

8:45pm: Arrived for my 9pm shift. Removed shoes, changed into a fresh DOB shirt and washed hands. Greeted Dad and was escorted upstairs where Mom was nursing the baby. I said hello to Mom and Baby as she got up to change his diaper then chatted with her while she tried to nurse him some more. 

9:15pm: Baby was a bit fussy, so I offered to carry Baby while the parents showed me around the house and chatted about plans for the night. Mom plans to nurse him for his next feeding and then I’ll give a bottle for the one after that. I encouraged both parents to get ready for bed and worked on getting Baby settled down. He was swaddled with a paci then we walked and jiggled and patted until he finally stayed asleep at 10:35. I tried laying him down several times before that but he would start to cry and jostle around. 

10:35 pm: Baby asleep in bassinet.

11:25 pm: He had hiccups and was awake, replaced paci and rocked with hand on his chest.

11:40 pm: Back to sleep.

Tuesday, May 6th

12:30 am: Fussy. Changed wet diaper and took him to Mom to nurse. 

1:00 am: Burped, changed poopy/wet diaper. Swaddled with Paci and rocked to settle. 

1:15 am: Soundly asleep in bassinet.

3:35 am: Fussing and grunting. Went downstairs to prep a bottle with monitor. Baby finished 2 oz of the 2.5 oz bottle of EBM. 2 huge burps half way through. Texted Mom so she could wake up and pump. 

3:50 am: Back asleep in bassinet.

4:30 am: Brief wake up. Wouldn’t settle with paci, hand on chest or rocking. Finished maybe 1/2 oz of bottle. Burped and right back to sleep. 

6:15 am: Fussy and wouldn’t stay asleep in bassinet. Wanted to be held and would go back to sleep and then wake up as soon as I laid him down, so we rocked in the nursery chair. 

6:35 am: Changed wet/poo diaper. 

6:45 am: Mom came down and nursed him while we talked about the night, including creating sleep associations, tips on keeping baby awake during the day for developmentally appropriate stretches and nursing on demand not to exceed 2.5 hours during the daytime hours. 

7:05 am: Said goodbye to a well rested family!  

 

The goals of an overnight shift might change from night-to-night or family-to-family. This is why our Overnight Newborn Care package includes five continuous weeks of three 10-hour overnight shifts per week. This allows your whole family needed rest and sets a foundation of healthy sleep habits for your baby. You can also duplicate these packages to extend your Overnight Postpartum Doula care!

 

Needing some sleep? Contact us to find out more about our overnight newborn care.

Parks in Baltimore | A Parent’s Guide

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Heading out as the weather warms? Parks in Baltimore are easy to find but which ones are best for your little one? As Postpartum support for families, we’re no strangers to visiting local parks with newborns! We pulled together our favorite parks with some pro tips and key features in this complete guide to Baby and Toddler-friendly parks.

New mother in Baltimore strolls parks during the springtime with her newborn baby during postpartum.

Newborn/Infant-Friendly Parks in Baltimore

1. Patterson Park

Address: 27 S Patterson Park Ave, Baltimore, MD 21231
Neighborhood: Patterson Park
Key Features: Baby swings, toddler playground, spray pool (seasonal), shaded paths.
Parent Pro Tips:

  • Visit the spray pool weekday mornings to avoid crowds.
  • Grab a drink or snacks at Corner Juice Bar (just outside the park).
  • Stroller hack: Use the eastern entrance (Lombard & Linwood) for quick playground access.

Safety Features:

  • Fenced playground areas with soft flooring.
  • Shaded benches near play zones for easy supervision.
  • Seasonal restrooms available.

2. Cylburn Arboretum

Address: 4915 Greenspring Ave, Baltimore, MD 21209
Neighborhood: Cylburn
Key Features: Gardens, gentle trails, nature programs.
Parent Pro Tips:

  • Bring a baby carrier for unpaved garden paths (strollers work on main trails).
  • Visit in spring for blooming magnolias and kid-friendly birdwatching.
  • Pack snacks and water bottles!

Safety Features:

  • Wide, shaded paths minimize sun exposure.
  • Quiet atmosphere with minimal traffic.
  • Limited restrooms (plan ahead!).

3. Lake Roland Park

Address: 1000 Lakeside Dr, Baltimore, MD 21210
Neighborhood: Roland Park
Key Features: Lake boardwalk, nature center, accessible trails.
Parent Pro Tips:

  • Check the Nature Center calendar for toddler-friendly events like “Nature Book Club”.
  • Park at the Robert E. Lee Park entrance for stroller-friendly boardwalk access.
  • Feed ducks responsibly (bring birdseed, not bread!).

Safety Features:

  • Boardwalk has railings and is stroller-safe.
  • Restrooms at the Nature Center (open daily).

4. Oregon Ridge Park

Address: 13401 Beaver Dam Rd, Cockeysville, MD 21030
Neighborhood: Cockeysville
Key Features: Nature center, meadows, hiking trails.
Parent Pro Tips:

  • Weekdays are quieter—ideal for toddler explorers.
  • Bring a picnic blanket for the meadow area (ample space for crawlers!).
  • Skip the steeper trails; stick to the Beech Tree Trail.

Safety Features:

  • Play areas are away from water hazards.
  • Restrooms at the Nature Center (open daily).
  • Wildlife sightings common—keep little ones close!

Nonbinary parents join their baby in the sunshine at parks in Baltimore, Maryland.

Older Baby/Toddler-Friendly Parks in Baltimore

5. Druid Hill Park

Address: 3001 East Dr, Baltimore, MD 21217
Neighborhood: Druid Hill
Key Features: Maryland Zoo, splash pads, playgrounds.
Parent Pro Tips:

  • Arrive at the zoo by 10 AM to beat crowds and heat.
  • Use the Jones Falls Trail (stroller-friendly) to connect to nearby parks.
  • Splash pad opens Memorial Day—bring towels, sunscreen, and water shoes!

Safety Features:

  • Playgrounds have soft turf and fencing.
  • Restrooms and changing stations at the zoo.

6. Gwynns Falls Trail

Address: Main trailhead at 1900 Annapolis Rd, Baltimore, MD 21230
Neighborhood: Gwynns Falls/Leakin Park
Key Features: Streamside trails, playgrounds, bridges.
Parent Pro Tips:

  • Start at the Winans Meadow Trailhead (easy parking, playground nearby).
  • Avoid trails after heavy rain—muddy and slippery!
  • Pack a carrier for younger babies—some paths are narrow.

Safety Features:

  • Guardrails near streams in most sections.
  • Limited restrooms.

7. Leakin Park

Address: 1900 Eagle Dr, Baltimore, MD 21207
Neighborhood: Gwynns Falls/Leakin Park
Key Features: Carter Memorial Playground, Winans Meadow Loop.
Parent Pro Tips:

  • The playground is shaded in the afternoon—perfect for summer.
  • Park near Carter Playground for quick access to restrooms.
  • Try the Winans Meadow Loop for a stroller-friendly nature walk.

Safety Features:

  • Playground has rubberized flooring and low-height equipment.
  • Ample parking and well-marked trails.

8. West Shore Park

Address: 401 Light St, Baltimore, MD 21202
Neighborhood: Inner Harbor
Key Features: Open lawn, events, Inner Harbor proximity.
Parent Pro Tips:

  • Combine with a visit to the National Aquarium.
  • Weekday afternoons tend to be less crowded.
  • No shade? Bring a pop-up tent for baby!

Safety Features:

  • Flat, paved surfaces ideal for new walkers.
  • Restrooms at nearby.

9. Federal Hill Park

Address: 300 Warren Ave, Baltimore, MD 21230
Neighborhood: Federal Hill
Key Features: Playground, harbor views, historic site.
Parent Pro Tips:

  • Use the ramp on Warren Ave for stroller access to the summit.
  • Grab post-park pizza at Matthew’s Pizza (oldest in the U.S.!).
  • Sunset views are stunning but crowded—opt for mornings.

Safety Features:

No matter what park you choose, getting outside with baby is always a great idea! Fresh air and sunshine are great for your little one and movement like walking with a stroller helps you as well. With parks in Baltimore that feature playgrounds, splash pads, and even a zoo, there isn’t a shortage of things to do (and these aren’t even all the parks in Baltimore!)

Did we miss your favorite park? Drop us a comment!

The Changes Your Body Experiences After Birth

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We spend nine months getting ready for baby to arrive–both physically and emotionally. But the actual birth experience portion of your journey is relatively short. After birth, your body continues to change for many months. Here are some of the changes you can expect in the moments, weeks, and months after birth. 

What will I experience immediately after birth?

Immediately after birth, a care provider may place baby directly on your chest. This skin-to-skin contact helps regulate baby’s body temperature and calms baby. But it can also help your uterus contract to reduce bleeding. Bleeding may still be taking place from where the placenta was attached to the uterus or from any tears. A care provider might provide medication to slow or stop that bleeding, perform a uterine massage, or stitch the perineum. You might also shake, have contractions, feel weak, or be sore (you did just work very hard). 

How long does it take to recover from childbirth?

How long it takes to physically recover from childbirth depends on what happened during birth as well as the birthing person’s activity level. If you had tearing, an episiotomy, excessive blood loss, or a cesarean birth, it may take you longer to recover. In the days and weeks following birth, your body will feel different. You may be exhausted, bloated, and sore. The change in hormones can cause mood swings, sweating or hair loss. Pregnancy and childbirth also stretches ligaments and muscles, so your abdominal and pelvic floor muscles take time to tighten back up. If you had a c-section, remember that it is major surgery. You shouldn’t lift or over-exert yourself. Take the time you need to recover, listen to your body and be gentle with yourself

What are the emotional changes I’ll experience after birth?

Our brains are a part of our bodies, and the physical changes to our brains can alter our emotions. The change in hormones that happens in the postpartum period can make you feel happy, excited, positive, overwhelmed, sad, possessive, or disappointed. These are all normal. Making a plan for how family and friends (link to last blow) can help reduce stress. Prolonged and severe depression can also happen after childbirth, and if you (or your support network) are worried about a Postpartum Mood Disorder (PMDD) or Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), talk to your care provider. 

What physical changes are not normal?

If you have any physical or emotional changes that concern you, talk to your care provider. They can help you determine what is normal and what isn’t. You should also talk to your care provider if you have vomiting, flu-like symptoms, fever, heavy bleeding, difficulty urinating, leg pain, vaginal itching, dizziness, shortness of breath, or racing heart. 

Can I recover more quickly after childbirth? 

The most important thing to do after giving birth is listen to your care provider. They can help you understand what you went through and how long it will take to recover. Make sure you prioritize your needs for rest, nutrition, and mental health. Many women feel physically recovered from childbirth around 6 weeks, but for most, it may take longer. 

A postpartum doula can provide education and support, and assist with newborn care, breastfeeding support, or anything else that can help ease the transition when a new baby arrives.