3 Tips for a Healthy Third Trimester

The third trimester is between 28 and 42 weeks of pregnancy, and the final weeks before delivery. While it’s exciting to know that your baby is growing and getting ready for their birth day, you might be experiencing more discomforts. With difficulty sleeping, feeling full after a few bites, heartburn, and frequent urination, how do you have a healthy third trimester? We’ve rounded ups some of our best tips for keeping you and your baby healthy as delivery day approaches. 

Continue eating a healthy and balanced diet–and getting your vitamins and minerals.

During the third trimester, the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion notes that pregnant people may need to consume 450 more calories than their normal diet. They recommend that you prioritize that this comes in the form of vegetables, whole grains, and proteins. As your baby gets bigger, they may start to compress your stomach, and you can feel full after eating only a little bit. Consider high-protein snacks in between meals if you are having trouble eating what you normally might at a meal. 

You may have been taking a prenatal vitamin, and you should continue that into the third trimester. You want to keep getting proper amounts of folate, iron, and calcium. Check with your care provider about what your diet and calorie consumption should look like during a healthy third trimester. 

Stay physically active for a healthy third trimester. 

The National Institutes of Health recommend that people try to be as physically active during pregnancy as they were before. With the physical changes that your body is going through as you prepare for labor (link to blog), you may find the exercise harder or more uncomfortable. However, studies show that exercise can help reduce bloating, leg cramps, and backaches, and reduce other conditions like gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and postpartum depression. Consider moderate exercise, like a walk around the neighborhood, a water aerobics class, or a prenatal yoga class. 

Listen to your body and your body’s signals.

By the end of your pregnancy, you may feel bloated, with pains in your belly and back, among other places, and tired from a lack of sleep. You might be uncomfortable, but your body is preparing for birth. While it might be hard to imagine getting comfortable before baby is born, you can try a number of things to relieve the aches. A warm bath or shower can help you relax, and relax your muscles. Pregnancy pillows or other support pillows can make sitting or sleeping more comfortable. Wear loose fitting clothes and don’t be afraid to fan yourself if you are hot! 

Learn more about what to expect during a healthy third trimester in our four week Complete Childbirth Education class or our intensive, one-day Birth Basics. 

What is Head Molding? Caput Succedaneum in Newborns

“Why does my baby’s head look like a cone?!” New parents are often confused when their new addition’s scalp features bruising, swelling, or an odd shape. Not to worry, Caput succedaneum and head molding are incredibly common (temporary!) adjustments your baby made during birth. Let’s break down what these terms mean and why there’s usually no cause for concern.

What is Caput Succedaneum?

Caput Succedaneum is a soft, squishy, sometimes bruised swelling on top of the scalp, crossing suture lines (the seams between skull bones). You can think of it as localized fluid buildup.

What is Head Molding?

Head Molding is an elongated or cone-shaped head that is caused by the overlapping of the baby’s soft skull bones during passage through the birth canal.

Why do these conditions happen?

These conditions are caused by pressure from the uterus, cervix, or birth canal while baby is being born. They can present in any delivery but are more common when labor is prolonged, membranes are ruptured early, if a vacuum is used to assist delivery, or can even be seen in first-time pregnancies. While it can be unnerving for your baby’s head to look less than normal, remember that this is a very common thing that happens and it will in most cases resolve on its own without intervention.

newborn baby's head held by their mother that doesn't feature head molding.

What are the essentials to know about Caput Succedaneum and Head Molding?

Timing: These conditions will likely appear immediately or shortly after birth. Caput swelling typically resolves within hours to a few days. Head molding usually corrects itself within 1–2 weeks as bones shift back.

Appearance: Caput feels like a soft, puffy area; may have bruising. Molding makes the head look pointy or asymmetrical.

Pain Levels: Neither of these common issues are painful for your baby!

Other things to watch for: Another condition, Cephalohematoma, is similar in appearance to Caput. This condition is a hemmorhage that causes swelling under the skin but over the skull. While it typically isn’t anything to worry about, it can come with complications that are. That’s why it’s always important to work with your pediatrician to monitor and treat as needed.

FAQs

Q: Does this mean my baby’s brain was injured?
A: Absolutely not. Caput and molding are external or bone-related changes. They don’t affect the brain.

Q: Will my baby’s head stay this shape (head molding)?
A: Nope! Skull bones shift back naturally. By 2 weeks, most little heads have rounded out beautifully.

Q: Why does the swelling (Caput) move if I touch it?
A: Because it’s fluid under the scalp! Gentle pressure can temporarily displace it—this is normal.

Q: Do I need to treat these conditions?
A: Usually no treatment is needed. Just handle baby’s head gently. If bruising is present, it will fade like any other bruise.

Q: Is this the same as having a flattened head?
A: No, that’s a different type of positional head molding that can happen later on in baby’s life. Flattened heads typically occur due to prolonged time on flat surfaces and can be avoided or addressed by things like Tummy Time or a baby helmet (as prescribed by your pediatrician).

Q: When should I worry?
A: Contact your provider if:

  • Swelling worsens after 2–3 days.
  • Baby develops a fever, is excessively fussy, or refuses feeds.
  • Jaundice appears (bruising from caput can increase bilirubin levels).

The Bottom Line

Caput succedaneum and head molding are common, harmless, and temporary results of birth. They highlight the amazing flexibility of your newborn’s skull. While unusual head shapes can be startling, they’re rarely a medical concern. Trust your pediatrician to monitor progress—and trust your baby’s body to find its perfect shape.

Got questions? Your birth team and pediatrician are always your best resource.

More Reading

Cleveland Clinic: Caput Succedaneum

Healthline: Head Molding

Maryland Injury Law Center: Caput Succedaneum and Cephalohematoma Birth Injuries

Healthy Children: Positional Skull Deformities

Flying During Pregnancy: Air Travel Through the Trimesters

Be it for work trips or baby moons, flying during pregnancy presents a whole new world of details to consider. Walking through security and radiation exposure, the risk for increased swelling, and remaining well hydrated, are all concerns for pregnant people who use air travel at any stage of pregnancy. Here are some specific tips and additional things to consider before you plan and pack.

Flying during pregnancy and the TSA:

If you have concerns about going through TSA’s security scanners because of exposure to x-rays, we’ve got good news. Their scanners do not use x-ray, but instead, use non-ionizing electromagnetic waves that get reflected off the body. They are considered perfectly safe for all passengers. However, you can still opt out of the scanner, and ask for a pat down instead. A female TSA agent will perform the search, and you can continue to your gate.

Also, you can ask for as much help for lifting, and getting through the line as you need. No one is labeling you a person in distress. Instead, how about a savvy flyer who knows what resources are available for use!

1st Trimester

Compression stockings/socks: can help reduce swelling of your lower extremities, and promote blood flow.
Nausea remedies: The change in elevation may cause internal gasses to expand, making your tummy even more vulnerable to sickness. Try having easy to digest foods, like crackers, available in your carry on to nibble throughout the flight. Some find relief from peppermint or ginger candies.

Radiation Exposure: there is some evidence that extreme exposure to radiation between the 8th and 15th week of pregnancy may affect IQ, but the level of inflight radiation is low. There is little risk for the average traveler, but it is something to be aware.

No one will feel bad for you: One of the hardest parts is the lack of empathy you will garner from most people. You will be tired, and everything will feel harder, and most people do not have external signs they are expecting.

2nd Trimester

In the second trimester, most are generally feeling better than they were in the 1st trimester, with more energy restored. At the beginning of your 2nd trimester, you may still not have any noticeable physical changes, whereas when you finish the 2nd trimester, you will most likely have grown considerably. See compression socks above.

Snacks: While you may start to feel less nauseous, you will want to continue to carry snacks and water.
Getting up and moving while in flight will help with overall discomfort in your back, hips, and legs. If you are not permitted to stand or walk, try to stretch as best you can.

Airline Policy: Some more significant things to consider are your airline’s policies on traveling while pregnant, and possibly restricting yourself on destinations. Most pregnancies are considered viable after 24 weeks, so in the event of an unplanned birth, consider if the place you will travel to have the medical resources to support you and your babe until you are well enough to go home.

3rd Trimester

Check with Your Doctor: With all air travel, talking with your doctor is recommended, but in the 3rd trimester, it is especially important. Most physicians discuss limiting air travel at week 36, but your specific pregnancy may have particular needs. If you are traveling between weeks 28- 36, be ready for lots of restroom breaks, low back pain, and fatigue creeping back in. To help with all that:

Bring a pillow: Not a neck pillow. A real pillow. Having the ability to support your body in various ways on flights may seem like a luxury. If you can have get an aisle seat (even better if there is extra leg room), we recommend it. You won’t have to maneuver around as many for your trips to the restroom, and if the seatbelt sign goes off, merely standing and swaying will be a comfort.

Travel Insurance: Consider getting travel insurance during pregnancy. In the event you need to get home quickly you can make arrangements without the additional pain of a hefty bill, or make cancellations should they be necessary.

Panty liners: it may have happened before the 3rd trimester, but you may be surprised by a small release of urine when you cough or sneeze. The pressure your bladder and pelvic floor are under in the 3rd trimester make minor incontinence a very common occurrence. Having extra protection is much more comfortable than needing to bring a complete change of clothes.

Whatever trimester you are in, you can stay safer and more comfortable while flying during pregnancy!

RSV Vaccine during Pregnancy | The Evidence

We all want to keep our newborn babies safe. When looking at common illnesses, RSV is a frequent concern amongst new parents. The latest recommendation? Recieve the RSV Vaccine during pregnancy. If your doctor has made this suggestion you may be curious how it works. Let’s take a look at what RSV is and what you can do before your baby is even born to protect them from it.

What Is Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)?

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of hospitalization in infants, responsible for 58,000–80,000 annual hospitalizations in children under 5 in the U.S. Babies under 6 months are especially vulnerable, as RSV can lead to severe lung infections like bronchiolitis and pneumonia. We’ve done a deep dive on the specifics of RSV in babies, you can check that out here!

It’s important to remember that while RSV is dangerous for infants and the immunocompromised, it can present as a common cold in healthy individuals. This means even if someone’s only symptom is a runny nose, they could spread the illness.

How does getting the RSV vaccine during pregnancy work?

The Abrysvo vaccine, approved by the FDA and recommended by the CDC, is given to pregnant individuals between 32 and 36 weeks of gestation. It works by transferring protective antibodies to the fetus, providing passive immunity that shields infants during their most vulnerable early months.

A baby rests peacefully in their mother's arms.

Is it safe and effective?

Yes! Clinical trials show impressive results:

81.8% efficacy against severe RSV within the first 90 days of life.
69.4% efficacy through 6 months of age.

Safety data from over 7,000 participants revealed no significant risks to pregnant individuals or babies. The most commonly seen side effects are mild such as injection site pain or fatigue and they were reported to be short-lived.

What else should I know about the RSV Vaccine during Pregnancy?

Timing: CDC recommends vaccination at 32–36 weeks, ideally before RSV season (typically fall/winter).

Who should get it? Most pregnancies without contraindications. This could be something such as an allergy to the vaccine’s components.

Alternative option: For those unable to receive the vaccine, there is an option that can be given to infants post-birth.

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and World Health Organization (WHO) endorse RSV vaccination during pregnancy as a safe, effective way to reduce infant complications due to RSV.

Take Action

The most important thing you can do when considering healthcare decisions is to talk to your trusted healthcare provider. You can practice using the BRAIN acronym during your prenatal visit by asking the following questions:

Benefits – What are the benefits of recieving the RSV vaccine during pregnancy?
Risks – What are the known risks? What are the risks of RSV to a newborn?
Alternatives – What alternatives do I have?
Intuition – What am I feeling now that I know the science-based answers to my questions?
Nothing – What happens if I do nothing about RSV?

By vaccinating during pregnancy, you’re offering your baby a strong first defense against a potentially serious illness.

More Reading

Center for Disease Control (CDC)

World Health Organization (WHO)

American College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists (ACOG)

 

Am I actually going into labor?

One of the most searched topics during pregnancy? “Am I actually going into labor?”

Although the conventional knowledge says that pregnancy lasts nine months (which would be 36 weeks), most babies are actually born between 38 and 42 weeks. This means that you can think of your due date as more of a “due month” rather than a specific date. In fact, less than 5% of babies are born on their due date. This date range can present a problem, though: how do you know if you are actually ready to meet your baby? Here are four surefire ways to know if you are going into labor.

You’re experiencing certain physical and emotional changes. 

There are specific physical and emotional changes we hear from clients that make your doula double check her birth bag and put her running shoes by the door! We often see a change in emotions and becoming more sensitive. Bursts of nesting energy and new or unusual cravings can also signal your body is getting ready to give birth. Physical changes may also occur.

These may include:

  • feeling “crampy” or having backaches
  • increased vaginal discharge
  • loss of mucus plug (especially blood-tinged mucus)
  • softer, more frequent bowel movements.

Be in tune with your body and emotions, and communicate those changes with your care providers as you get closer to your due month.  

You’re having uterine contractions. 

Uterine contractions are the first sign of going into labor for most people. But how do you know the difference between uterine contractions and Braxton Hicks or false labor contractions? Uterine contractions are regular and consistent; they get steadily closer, stronger, longer and do not lessen with rest, movement, eating or drinking. You may have contractions before you are in labor. But if they are not causing your cervix to change, you are not in labor. See our blog post on latent labor for more on those contractions.

Your water breaks. 

You’ve seen it in movies and on tv shows: water spills on the floor and the character suddenly knows their baby is coming. In reality, only occasionally does your water break ahead of contractions. Typically the other signs we’ve outlined will happen for hours or even days prior to your water breaking. Ir this is your first sign, the vast majority of people will experience contractions that follow within 12-24 hours. 

Your cervix is not a crystal ball and it can’t tell you if labor is imminent.

Cervical exams are not necessarily an indication of when labor will begin. There are a number of cervical changes that have to take place ahead of dilation, the number measured in centimeters that we all associate with how close the baby is to being born.

Your cervix will go through these changes:

  • shift forward to align with the birth canal
  • soften or ripen
  • thin (or efface)
  • The final step is dilation.

These changes may be evaluated by your care provider during a cervical exam once you head to the hospital in order to determine if you are in labor.

To learn more about childbirth and the stages of labor, sign up for our Complete Childbirth Education class or Birth Basics.